FACTORES ASOCIADOS A SEVERIDAD Y MORTALIDAD POR COVID-19 EN PACIENTES CON DIABETES MELLITUS HOSPITALIZADOS; HOSPITAL REGIONAL DEL CUSCO 2020-2021

Resumen

RESUMEN
Antecedentes: Ciertas enfermedades infecciosas tienen mayor frecuencia y severidad
en pacientes con diabetes, siendo esta una de las comorbilidades más frecuentes de la
enfermedad de COVID-19, esta debido a que produce un proceso inflamatorio crónico.
Métodos: Estudio de casos y controles, analítico, retrospectivo y transversal, el objetivo
fue determinar los factores asociados a severidad y mortalidad por COVID-19 en
pacientes con diabetes mellitus, se utilizó a toda la población conformada por 76
pacientes, de los cuales se hallo 30 casos y 30 controles que cumplian con los criterios
de inclusión, se reviso histórias. Resultados: La mortalidad estuvo asociada a HTA (
OR: 1.87; p=0.014; IC 95% [1.14-3.09], dislipidemia (OR: 2.36; p=0.008; [1.25-4.47]),
tiempo de evolución de diabetes ≥ 5 años (OR:2.46; p=0.006; IC 95%[1.29-4.70]), nivel
de hemoglobina glicosilada entre 7-8.9% (OR:6.61;p=0.000;IC 95% [2.87-15.22] y un
nivel ≥9% (OR:3.18; p=0.003; IC95% [1.48-6.81], nivel elevado de PCR (p=0.000) y nivel
elevado de LDH(p=0.038) y la severidad estuvo asociada a la severidad estuvo asociada
a HTA (OR:1.69; p=0.029; IC 95% [1.06-2.69]), dislipidemia (OR:1.84; p=0.022; IC 95%
[1.09-3.10]), nivel de hemoglobina glicosilada entre 7-8.9% (OR:3.03; p=0.014; IC 95%
[1.26-7.31], nivel elevado de glucosa al ingreso (p=0.016), nivel elvado de PCR(p=0.012).
Conclusiones: En conclusión se debe prestar especial atención en pacientes con
diabetes y COVID-19 que presenten HTA, dislipidemia, tiempo de evolución de diabetes
≥ 5 años, nivel elevado de hemoglobina glicosilada, PCR y LDH.
Palabras claves: Factores asociados, diabetes mellitus, SARS-CoV-2, mortalidad,
enfermedad crítica, muerte por covid-19. [DeCS/MeSH]
SUMMARY
Background: Certain infectious diseases are more frequent and severe in patients with
diabetes, this being one of the most frequent comorbidities of the COVID-19 disease, due
to the fact that it produces a chronic inflammatory process. Methods: Analytical,
retrospective and cross-sectional case-control study, the objective was to determine the
factors associated with severity and mortality due to COVID-19 in patients with diabetes
mellitus, the entire population consisting of 76 patients was used, of which 30 were found.
cases and 30 controls that met the inclusion criteria, histories were reviewed. Results:
Mortality was associated with hypertension (OR: 1.87; p = 0.014; 95% CI [1.14-3.09],
dyslipidemia (OR: 2.36; p = 0.008; [1.25-4.47]), time of evolution of diabetes ≥ 5 years (
OR: 2.46; p = 0.006; 95% CI [1.29-4.70]), glycosylated hemoglobin level between 7-8.9%
(OR: 6.61; p = 0.000; 95% CI [2.87-15.22] and a level ≥9% (OR: 3.18; p = 0.003; 95% CI
[1.48-6.81], high level of CRP (p = 0.000) and high level of LDH (p = 0.038) and severity
was associated with severity was associated with hypertension (OR : 1.69; p = 0.029;
95% CI [1.06-2.69]), dyslipidemia (OR: 1.84; p = 0.022; 95% CI [1.09-3.10]), glycosylated
hemoglobin level between 7-8.9% (OR: 3.03 ; p = 0.014; 95% CI [1.26-7.31], elevated
glucose level upon admission (p = 0.016), elevated CRP level (p = 0.012). Conclusions:
In conclusion, special attention should be paid to patients with diabetes and COVID-19
who present with hypertension, dyslipidemia, time of evolution of diabetes ≥ 5 years,
elevated level of glycosylated hemoglobin, CRP and LDH.
Key words: Associated factors, diabetes mellitus, SARS-CoV-2, mortality, critical
illness, death from covid-19. [DeCS/MeSH]