comunidad bentónica de la laguna de Piuray en los meses evaluados.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Comunidad bentónica, variación espacial, variación temporal, diversidad.
ABSTRACT
Benthic organisms in aquatic ecosystems participate in the transfer of energy within the trophic
chain, they act as bioindicators to evaluate the degree of disturbance in different times and spaces
of the lagoon basin, we determined the composition, abundance and diversity of the benthic
community of the Piuray lagoon, in order to evaluate its spatio-temporal variability, sampling with
an Eckman dredge with a coverage area of 0.04 m2 and a volume of 0.0033 m3, at depths of 1, 1.5
and 2 meters, in three areas of the lagoon; 7508 individuals were registered, distributed in 9
families and 5 orders (Gastropoda, Veneroida, Oligochaeta, Diptera and Hirudinea). 44.40% of
families correspond to the Gastropoda Order, 22.22% to the Diptera Order and 11.11% to each
Veneroida, Oligochaeta and Hirudinea order. The highest density is recorded near the shore,
decreasing with depth; registering in the family Planorbidae with 58215 organisms /m
3
and the
lowest density is the family Ceratopogonidae con 135 organisms /m
3
; the most abundant families
were Planorbidae and Tubificidae. The alpha diversity through the Shannon Index is 0 - 1.45 and
Simpson's 0 - 0.7 showing a low diversity; the beta diversity by means of the Jaccard Index
registers similarity between 15 and 100%; while the Morisita Index registers homogeneity
between 8 and 100%, indicating that there is variation in space and time of the benthic community
of the Piuray lagoon in the months evaluated.
KEY WORDS: benthic fauna, spatial variation, temporal variation, diversity.
INTRODUCCIÓN
Los ecosistemas acuáticos están constituidos por una variedad de hábitats que albergan
comunidades de organismos, que influyen en la ecología del ambiente. Dentro de estas
comunidades se encuentran los organismos bentónicos, los cuales viven en relación con el
fondo lacustre de los cuerpos lénticos como la laguna de Piuray.
Alrededor de la laguna de Piuray, se encuentran asentados 11 centros poblados, que desarrollan
actividades agrícolas, pecuarias; así como actividades domésticas (Centro de Educación y